Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a combination of physical & psychologic

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TikTok video from Dr. Doireann O’Leary (@drdoireann): “Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a combination of physical & psychological symptoms that occur in the Luteal Phase (2nd half) of the menstrual cycle that have a negative impact on quality of life, relationships & productivity at work or school. Symptoms resolve when the period starts. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of PMS that impacts activities of daily living and quality of life with prominent irritability & low mood😞 . Physical symptoms include bloating, food cravings, headache, hot flashes, fatigue, breast tenderness, dizziness, trouble sleeping, oversleeping & low sex drive😴 . Psychological symptoms include anxiety, anger, sadness, irritability, mood swings, tearfulness, feelings of guilt and hopelessness, wanting to be alone, loss of interest in activities/work & difficulty concentrating🥱 . Whilst PMS is multi factorial and not fully understood, oestrogen & progesterone may influence serotonin receptors in the brain resulting in symptoms like low mood👩🏼‍⚕️ . Diagnosis is based on symptoms. It’s good to keep a diary to establish a clear cyclical pattern with symptoms worsening in the Luteal Phase & resolving when the period starts📝 . It’s important to rule out other possible causes of these symptoms such as depression, under- or overactive thyroid, perimenopause & menopause. Blood tests can help rule these in or out 👩🏼‍⚕️ . Some women may opt for medication to treat their symptoms. SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) are the 1st line prescription medication option when it comes to PMS🩺 . For PMS/PMDD SSRIs can be taken everyday or during the Luteal Phase only; this is called Luteal Phase Therapy. This may be preferable for some women as it means less possible side effects of SSRIs eg. lower libido 📆 . The combined oral contraceptive pill also eases symptoms for some women; it’s a good option if you also need contraception👱🏼‍♀️ . Exercise, acupuncture & chasteberry may help🌺 Reducing caffeine helps. Smokers experience worse symptoms than non-smokers 🚬 . If you’re suffering with any of these symptoms you can speak to your GP or gynaecologist👩🏼‍⚕️”. original sound - Dr. Doireann O’Leary.

Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association

Frontiers Mindfulness Training Intervention With the Persian Version of the Mindfulness Training Mobile App for Premenstrual Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial